Artificial Intelligence for the Financial Services Industry: What Challenges Organizations to Succeed?

As a research field, artificial intelligence (AI) exists for several years. More recently, technological breakthroughs, coupled with the fast availability of data, have brought AI closer to commercial use. Internet giants such as Google, Amazon, Apple or Facebook invest significantly into AI, thereby underlining its relevance for business models worldwide. For the highly data driven finance industry, AI is of intensive interest within pilot projects, still, few AI applications have been implemented so far. This study analyzes drivers and inhibitors of a successful AI application in the finance industry based on panel data comprising 22 semi-structured interviews with experts in AI in finance. As theoretical lens, we structured our results using the TOE framework. Guidelines for applying AI successfully reveal AI-specific role models and process competencies as crucial, before trained algorithms will have reached a quality level on which AI applications will operate without human intervention and moral concerns

Gender disparities in esports – An explanatory mixed-methods approach

Within the last decade, esports (i.e., the competitive play of video games) has conquered substantial parts of digital entertainment with annually increasing revenue and consumer participation. Interestingly, while there exists a wide variety of esports titles, there is an observable gender disparity across them, as female esports players are substantially underrepresented at both casual and particularly at professional levels. Building on expectancy theory and achievement motivation, this study used an explanatory follow-up mixed-methods approach to explore the observed gender disparity. Using the exemplary case of League of Legends, we carried out a cross-sectional survey with both male and female League of Legends players. The results were mostly in line with expectancy theory showing no difference regarding expectancy and instrumentality between male and female players. Additionally, contrary to our hypotheses, we found higher valence and achievement motivation levels for female players. We facilitated three online focus-group discussions, each with a different gender distribution (female vs. mixed vs. male), to derive potential explanations for the findings. From the analysis of the focus-group discussions, we demonstrated that cultural and dispositional differences contribute to the observed gender differences. Among these, the differing perceptions of in-game culture and individual attributions (i.e., goal orientation, locus of control) were prevalent reasons influencing female participation.Peer reviewe

Even More Rapidly Rotating Pre-main-sequence M Dwarfs with Highly Structured Light Curves: An Initial Survey in the Lower Centaurus-Crux and Upper Centaurus-Lupus Associations

Using K2, we recently discovered a new type of periodic photometric variability while analyzing the light curves of members of Upper Sco. The 23 exemplars of this new variability type are all mid-M dwarfs, with short rotation periods. Their phased light curves have one or more broad flux dips or multiple arcuate structures which are not explicable by photospheric spots or eclipses by solid bodies. Now, using Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite data, we have searched for this type of variability in the other major sections of Sco-Cen, Upper Centaurus-Lupus (UCL), and Lower Centaurus-Crux (LCC). We identify 28 stars with the same light curve morphologies. We find no obvious difference between the Upper Sco and the UCL/LCC representatives of this class in terms of their light curve morphologies, periods, or variability amplitudes. The physical mechanism behind this variability is unknown, but as a possible clue we show that the rapidly rotating mid-M dwarfs in UCL/LCC have slightly different colors from the slowly rotating M dwarfs—they either have a blue excess (hot spots?) or a red excess (warm dust?). One of the newly identified stars (TIC242407571) has a very striking light curve morphology. At about every 0.05 in phase are features that resemble icicles. The icicles arise because there is a second periodic system whose main feature is a broad flux dip. Using a toy model, we show that the observed light curve morphology results only if the ratio of the two periods and the flux-dip width are carefully arranged

Even More Rapidly Rotating Pre-main-sequence M Dwarfs with Highly Structured Light Curves: An Initial Survey in the Lower Centaurus-Crux and Upper Centaurus-Lupus Associations

Using K2, we recently discovered a new type of periodic photometric variability while analyzing the light curves of members of Upper Sco. The 23 exemplars of this new variability type are all mid-M dwarfs, with short rotation periods. Their phased light curves have one or more broad flux dips or multiple arcuate structures which are not explicable by photospheric spots or eclipses by solid bodies. Now, using Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite data, we have searched for this type of variability in the other major sections of Sco-Cen, Upper Centaurus-Lupus (UCL), and Lower Centaurus-Crux (LCC). We identify 28 stars with the same light curve morphologies. We find no obvious difference between the Upper Sco and the UCL/LCC representatives of this class in terms of their light curve morphologies, periods, or variability amplitudes. The physical mechanism behind this variability is unknown, but as a possible clue we show that the rapidly rotating mid-M dwarfs in UCL/LCC have slightly different colors from the slowly rotating M dwarfs—they either have a blue excess (hot spots?) or a red excess (warm dust?). One of the newly identified stars (TIC242407571) has a very striking light curve morphology. At about every 0.05 in phase are features that resemble icicles. The icicles arise because there is a second periodic system whose main feature is a broad flux dip. Using a toy model, we show that the observed light curve morphology results only if the ratio of the two periods and the flux-dip width are carefully arranged

Clinical and virological characteristics of hospitalised COVID-19 patients in a German tertiary care centre during the first wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: a prospective observational study

Purpose: Adequate patient allocation is pivotal for optimal resource management in strained healthcare systems, and requires detailed knowledge of clinical and virological disease trajectories. The purpose of this work was to identify risk factors associated with need for invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), to analyse viral kinetics in patients with and without IMV and to provide a comprehensive description of clinical course. Methods: A cohort of 168 hospitalised adult COVID-19 patients enrolled in a prospective observational study at a large European tertiary care centre was analysed. Results: Forty-four per cent (71/161) of patients required invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). Shorter duration of symptoms before admission (aOR 1.22 per day less, 95% CI 1.10-1.37, p < 0.01) and history of hypertension (aOR 5.55, 95% CI 2.00-16.82, p < 0.01) were associated with need for IMV. Patients on IMV had higher maximal concentrations, slower decline rates, and longer shedding of SARS-CoV-2 than non-IMV patients (33 days, IQR 26-46.75, vs 18 days, IQR 16-46.75, respectively, p < 0.01). Median duration of hospitalisation was 9 days (IQR 6-15.5) for non-IMV and 49.5 days (IQR 36.8-82.5) for IMV patients. Conclusions: Our results indicate a short duration of symptoms before admission as a risk factor for severe disease that merits further investigation and different viral load kinetics in severely affected patients. Median duration of hospitalisation of IMV patients was longer than described for acute respiratory distress syndrome unrelated to COVID-19

Global patient outcomes after elective surgery: prospective cohort study in 27 low-, middle- and high-income countries.

BACKGROUND: As global initiatives increase patient access to surgical treatments, there remains a need to understand the adverse effects of surgery and define appropriate levels of perioperative care. METHODS: We designed a prospective international 7-day cohort study of outcomes following elective adult inpatient surgery in 27 countries. The primary outcome was in-hospital complications. Secondary outcomes were death following a complication (failure to rescue) and death in hospital. Process measures were admission to critical care immediately after surgery or to treat a complication and duration of hospital stay. A single definition of critical care was used for all countries. RESULTS: A total of 474 hospitals in 19 high-, 7 middle- and 1 low-income country were included in the primary analysis. Data included 44 814 patients with a median hospital stay of 4 (range 2-7) days. A total of 7508 patients (16.8%) developed one or more postoperative complication and 207 died (0.5%). The overall mortality among patients who developed complications was 2.8%. Mortality following complications ranged from 2.4% for pulmonary embolism to 43.9% for cardiac arrest. A total of 4360 (9.7%) patients were admitted to a critical care unit as routine immediately after surgery, of whom 2198 (50.4%) developed a complication, with 105 (2.4%) deaths. A total of 1233 patients (16.4%) were admitted to a critical care unit to treat complications, with 119 (9.7%) deaths. Despite lower baseline risk, outcomes were similar in low- and middle-income compared with high-income countries. CONCLUSIONS: Poor patient outcomes are common after inpatient surgery. Global initiatives to increase access to surgical treatments should also address the need for safe perioperative care. STUDY REGISTRATION: ISRCTN5181700

Artificial intelligence: how to develop organizations to succeed

DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION COUPLED WITH THE SIMPLIFIED AVAILABILITY OF DATA BRINGS ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) CLOSER TO COMMERCIAL USE. FOR THE DATADRIVEN FINANCIAL INDUSTRY, AI IS OF INTENSIVE INTEREST WITHIN PILOT PROJECTS. STILL, FEW AI APPLICATIONS HAVE BEEN IMPLEMENTED SO FAR. THIS STUDY ANALYZES DRIVERS AND INHIBITORS OF A SUCCESSFUL AI ADOPTION IN THE FINANCIAL INDUSTRY BASED ON PANEL DATA COMPRISING 22 SEMI-STRUCTURED INTERVIEWS WITH EXPERTS OF AI IN FINANCE, INCLUDING INTERVIEWEES FROM LEADING SOFTWARE PROVIDERS SUCH AS SAP, IBM, SALESFORCE, AND MICROSOFT. FOR APPLYING AI SUCCESSFULLY, THE GUIDELINES REVEAL SEVERAL DATA CONDITIONS, AI-SPECIFIC ROLE MODELS, AND OVERCOMING MORAL CONCERNS AS CRUCIAL BEFORE TRAINED ALGORITHMS WILL HAVE REACHED A QUALITY LEVEL TO OPERATE WITHOUT HUMAN INTERVENTION

Aprovechamiento de la boñiga de la Lechería Santa Teresita para la producción de energía eléctrica

Proyecto de graduación (licenciatura en ingeniería mecánica)UCR::Vicerrectoría de Docencia::Ingeniería::Facultad de Ingeniería::Escuela de Ingeniería Mecánic

Alle Wege führen in die Bibliothek? : Ein Interview über die Unterschiede zwischen FaMI-Ausbildung und bibliothekarischem Fachstudium

Um den beruflichen Weg in eine Bibliothek oder andere Informationseinrichtung einzuschlagen, gibt es auf dem ersten Bildungsweg zwei Möglichkeiten: die Ausbildung zum*zur Fachangestellte*n für Medien- und Informationsdienste in verschiedenen Fachrichtungen sowie das Bachelorstudium im Bereich des Bibliothekswesens bzw. der Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschafften. Einige FaMIs nehmen nach ihrer abgeschlossenen Berufsausbildung das bibliothekarische Fachstudium auf. Das API Magazin hat mit vier ehemaligen FaMIs gesprochen und ein Interview darüber geführt, wo sie die Unterschiede zwischen den beiden Bildungsgängen sehen.To find a workplace in a library, there are two options in Germany: The apprenticeship as a library assistant and a bachelor’s degree in a librarianship or library and information science study program. Some library assistants take up their studies in a library related study program after they completed their apprenticeship. The API Magazine has held an interview with four former library assistants, currently working on their bachelor’s degree and discussed the differences between the two educational programs

Advanced pathway engineering for phototrophic putrescine production

Freudenberg R, Wittemeier L, Einhaus A, Baier T, Kruse O. Advanced pathway engineering for phototrophic putrescine production. Plant Biotechnology Journal. 2022.The polyamine putrescine (1,4-diaminobutane) contributes to cellular fitness in most organisms, where it is derived from the amino acids ornithine or arginine. In the chemical industry, putrescine serves as a versatile building block for polyamide synthesis. The green microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii accumulates relatively high putrescine amounts, which, together with recent advances in genetic engineering, enables the generation of a powerful green cell factory to promote sustainable biotechnology for base chemical production. Here, we report a systematic investigation of the native putrescine metabolism in C. reinhardtii, leading to the first CO2-based bio-production of putrescine, by employing modern synthetic biology and metabolic engineering strategies. A CRISPR/Cas9-based knockout of key enzymes of the polyamine biosynthesis pathway identified ornithine decarboxylase 1 (ODC1) as a gatekeeper for putrescine accumulation and demonstrated that the arginine decarboxylase (ADC) route is likely inactive and that amine oxidase 2 (AMX2) is mainly responsible for putrescine degradation in C. reinhardtii. A 4.5-fold increase of cellular putrescine levels was achieved by engineered overexpression of potent candidate ornithine decarboxylases (ODCs). We identified unexpected substrate promiscuity in two bacterial ODCs, which exhibited co-production of cadaverine and 4-aminobutanol. Final pathway engineering included overexpression of recombinant arginases for improved substrate availability as well as functional knockout of putrescine degradation, which resulted in a 10-fold increase in cellular putrescine titers and yielded 200 mg/L in phototrophic high cell density cultivations after 10 days